The nitroexplosivessubstances that have been nitratedthe danger area. Nitroglycerin is incompatible with heat, ozone, shock, acids. Tell all of your health care providers and lab workers that you take nitroglycerin injection. After years, the molecular mechanism of action of. Find patient medical information for nitroglycerin oral on webmd including its uses, side effects and safety, interactions, pictures, warnings and user ratings. Its well known that undiluted nitroglycerin will explode when subjected to a physical shock. I have spent days in the library and searching the internet please help me. It is the speed of the decomposition reaction which makes nitroglycerin such a violent explosive. Therefore, a chemical explosion must begin with a chemical reaction. Hence releasing a large amount of energy exothermic reaction because the atoms rearrange to form new molecules with strong, stable multiple bonds, such as n 2 and c o. Nitroglycerin was invented in 1847, and its made by adding acids to glycerin. Roberts, in order to blow rocks and debris out of the way of the drill. First he discovered nitroglycerinis which was made by combing glyceryl and nitric acid, then he discovered nitroglycerin by adding sulfuric acid to that recipe.
Nitroglycerin is an oily liquid that may explode when subjected to heat, shock, or flame. More than 20 explosions were created during a training session to educate bomb technicians, first responders, and the chemical industry on the potential uses of common industrial and household. Nitroglycerin c3h5no33 or c3h5n3o9 cid 4510 structure, chemical names, physical. The resulting pressure wave as the gases expand is strong enough to destroy buildings and kill people. Nitroglycerin was first discoverd by the italian chemist ascanio sobrero. Nitroglycerin, also called glyceryl trinitrate, 1,2,3propanetriol trinitrate, nitrin, nitrol or blasting oil, c 3 h 5 no 3 3, is a very unstable, shocksensitive highexplosive. Therefore, this reaction was a nonenzymatic reaction that was responsible for the activation of guanylate cyclase by nitroglycerin. In addition to its explosive qualities ascanio also noted that it. Be prepared tho that this reaction will become very hot, which basically means, if you just pour base to it, the temperature will raise, which will make not yet saponified ng which reacts to hno3 and glycerin explode. In 2017, it was the 143rd most commonly prescribed medication in the united states, with more than four million prescriptions. Nitroglycerin, an explosive decomposes according to the following equation.
The process used a torpedo, invented in 1865 by colonel e. Its chemical composition is propane1,2,3triyl trinitrate, a glycerol molecule with three nitro groups substituents on the hydroxy groups. A common explosive chemical reaction is nitroglycerin. Graves, newcastle, california the history of nitroglycerin and the central pacific railroad is an interesting one, as much has been made of the many workers killed using this new explosive in the building of the pacific railroad. Nitroglycerin is made of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen.
Since the term chemical can mean a ton of different thing, there is no specific equation or reaction for this type of explosion. Therefore manufacturers continually cool the reaction mixture and in. Weakness and dizziness, allergy reaction to glue on nitroglycerin patch. Nitroglycerin, a powerful explosive and an important ingredient of most forms of dynamite. What is the chemical reaction equation for dynamite. If you are 65 or older, use nitroglycerin injection with care.
As nitroglycerin contains oxygen, nitrogen and carbon, an explosion is essentially rapid combustion the three nitrate groups powerful oxidizing agents are bound directly to a hydrocarbon fragment a fuel. Nitroglycerine molecule of the month october 2007 html only. May begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation if mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides. After the nitration has taken place, and the nitroglycerin has formed on the top of the solution, the entire beaker should be transferred slowly and. My neuro talked to me quite a bit about this before i started on copaxone because i have had a heart attack. New developments and application in chemical reaction engineering. The drug nitroglycerin gtn is a dilute form of the same chemical used as the explosive, nitroglycerin. Consumer information about the medication nitroglycerin sublingual nitrostat, includes side effects, drug interactions, recommended dosages, and storage information. A mechanical explosive is one that depends on a physical reaction, such as. Nitroglycerin definition is an oily explosive poisonous liquid c3h5n3o9 used chiefly in making dynamite and in medicine as a vasodilator. Nitroglycerin was the first practical explosive produced that was stronger than black. It acts as a prodrug, releasing nitric oxide to open blood vessels and so alleviate heart pain. However, the phdependent chemical reaction between nitroglycerin and cysteine occurred in the absence of any aldehyde dehydrogenase or in the absence of any tissue extract, for that matter. Nitroglycerine was invented in 1846 by ascanio sobrero, albert nobel designed a blasting cap that made use of the explosive almost safe in.
Imagine a substance so powerful that it could blow you to bits or save your life depending on how you used it. When the small amount of energy is intoroduced a decomposition reaction occurs. In a normal reaction the nitroglycerin will form as a layer on top of the acid solution, while the sulferic acid will absorb the excess water. Nitroglycerin sublingual tablet is available as both a generic and a brandname drug. The addition of glycerol results in an exothermic reaction i. Chem190 20j9 june 20 the structural formula of nitroglycerine, c 3h 5n 3o 9, is shown below. Nitroglycerin explosive versus nitroglycerin the medicine.
Nitroglycerin definition of nitroglycerin by merriamwebster. Best to enjoy them from the protection of your computer screen. Nitroglycerin explosion of 1927 butler county historical. Listen, chemicals are super awesome, and super dangerous. Industrial nitroglycerin made fast and safe business. It is a good plan for the nitrator to keep a book in which he records the time of. As a military explosive, rdx can be used alone as a base charge for detonators or mixed with another explosive such as tnt to form cyclotols, which produce a bursting charge for aerial bombs.
Similarly no effect of charge size on tnt equivalency was observed. Sobreros face was permanently scarred as result of a nitroglycerin explosion while he was studying it. Apart from its instability, when nitroglycerine is detonated, a lot of gas is formed within microseconds in a very exothermic reaction. Nitroglycerine and experimented with it, i feel qualified to answer. No variations in the explosive output of nitroglycerine were observed when different size boosters were used. Nitroglycerin, solution in alcohol, with more than 1% but not more than 5% nitroglycerin may react vigorously with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides. From that day i have never transported nitroglycerin except in a frozen condition, and to that lesson are we indebted for the safe transmission of more that two hundred and fifty thousand pounds of this explosive, over the roughest roads of new hampshire, vermont, massachusetts, new york, and the coal and oil regions of pennsylvania, in spring. Despite the explosive nature of this compound, it can be used to treat chest. Alfred nobel was also working in this lab at the same time and decided to take this new explosive and commercialize it. In this video, the high explosive nitroglycerin is synthesized. What is happening as a result of the physical shock that sets off the explosive reaction. Straight dynamite nitroglycerin in an absorbent, with.
Nitroglycerine is not only a powerful explosive but also a potent drug. Fracturing oil shale with explosives for in situ recovery pdf. Nitroglycerin is the active ingredient in dynamite and has applications in medicine. It is used in the manufacture of explosives, specifically dynamite, and as such is employed in the construction and demolition industries, and as a plasticizer in some solid propellants. Industrial nitroglycerin made fast and safe business chemistry. May react with inorganic bases to form explosive salts. Explosive, any substance or device that can be made to produce a volume of rapidly expanding gas in an extremely brief period. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking nitroglycerin injection. Nitrate compounds such as nitroglycerin glyceryl trinitrate, are among the oldest and most utilized. Nitroglycerin, an explosive decomposes according to the. In particular, why doesnt it explode spontaneously at room temperature without a physical shock. It has a role as a vasodilator agent, a nitric oxide donor, an explosive, a prodrug, a tocolytic agent, a muscle relaxant and a xenobiotic. What is the chemical reaction equation for dynamite explosion nitroglycerin.
Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. A sublingual tablet is a tablet that you dissolve under your tongue or inside your cheek. A safety way to measure the thermal properties of nitroglycerin dissolved in ethyl acetate and ethanol. He then asked what i would do if the pain continued. You would have to cool it down, add the base dropwise and watch the temperature of the liquid. The stack of paper which was destroyed by the final, large reaction was a copy of the usa patriot act. Nitroglycerin ng, also known as nitroglycerine, trinitroglycerin tng, nitro, glyceryl trinitrate. He asked me what i would do if i had this reaction and i told him i would take a nitroglycerin tab and wait five minutes. Journal of thermal analysis and calorimetry 2017, 127 3, 25452552. Since exposure to it dilates peoples blood vessels, its used as a medical treatment for angina pectoris, or heart pain. Nitroglycerin is a viscous, colorless, oily, explosive liquid obtained by nitrating glycerol. Nitroglycerin is a highly volatile explosive liquid that was used for efficiency in oil well drilling during the early 1900s. The 27 most impressive chemical reactions buzzfeed. Nitroglycerin is wellknown for its explosive properties and remains an active ingredient in the creation of explosives such as dynamite.
Nitroglycerin is an organic compound that is commonly used in explosives and also as a medicine. Read more about the prescription drug nitroglycerin sublingual. Thus it can not be physically broken down and a chemical reaction must occur for it to change. Marks 5 write a balanced equation for the explosive decomposition of liquid nitroglycerine. The sulphuric acid, however, takes no part in the reaction, but is absolutely. Nitroglycerin is highly reactive and can be set off with as little as a jolt of motion. Like the inaccuracy of the commonly used name, the popular reputation of glycerol trinitrate is also very misleading. But youve probably heard of one liquid explosive already nitroglycerin. Alfred nobel developed the use of nitroglycerin as a blasting explosive by mixing nitroglycerin with inert absorbents, particularly kieselguhr, or diatomaceous earth. Unlike burning, which can only travel as fast as the flame front can move through the material, high explosives are decomposed almost instantaneously by a supersonic shock wave passing through the material.